Background
Primary care plays a central role in co-ordinating osteoporosis management. However, up to 80% of patients with a minimal trauma fracture are neither investigated nor treated to prevent re-fracture. We trialled a novel integrated model of secondary fracture prevention in primary care with the aim to improve post-fracture osteoporosis management.
Methods
Patients referred for X-rays, CT or MRI for any indication and diagnosed with a potential osteoporotic fracture were identified using natural language processing. Referring primary care practices were randomised 1:1 to intervention (imaging report, fracture alert and management guidelines directly to the general practitioner) or usual care (imaging report only). Primary outcome was the proportion of patients receiving dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and/or a prescription for osteoporosis-specific pharmacotherapy within 3 months of randomisation. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of patients receiving blood tests or Chronic Disease Management Plans within 3 months; or a second prescription within 9 months. Outcome measures were ascertained through government data linkage.
Results
The trial included 942 patients from 318 practices, randomizing 458 patients/160 practices to intervention and 484 patients/158 practices to usual care. In the intervention group, 35% of patients received a DXA scan and/or prescription within 3 months, compared to 26% with usual care. The odds ratio of a DXA scan and/or prescription in the intervention group was 1.6 (CI:1.2-2.1) times that of usual care. The odds ratios for an initial prescription within 3, and a second prescription within 9 months were 1.9 (CI:1.3-2.7) and 1.9 (CI:1.3-2.9), respectively. The intervention had no effect on other secondary outcomes. Females and those with vertebral fractures had higher odds of receiving pharmacotherapy. Increasing age was associated with up to 4-fold higher odds of treatment.
Conclusion
This targeted intervention significantly improved post-fracture osteoporosis management and as a scalable approach may help close the osteoporosis care gap.