The Müllerian ducts are paired epithelial tubes surrounded by a basement membrane and are fetal progenitor tissues for the epithelial compartments of the uterus and oviducts. The Müllerian ducts also form in males but in contrast to females subsequently disintegrate during male differentiation. The disintegration of the Müllerian ducts in male embryos is induced by the transforming growth factor-beta family member, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), secreted by Sertoli cells of the fetal testes. AMH interacts with its receptor expressed by the mesenchyme cells adjacent to the Müllerian duct epithelium. The AMH-induced mesenchyme then causes the disintegration of the Müllerian duct epithelium. We describe a cell/tissue regulatory network that controls the elimination of the Müllerian ducts through tissue remodeling during male differentiation.